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Prevent strikes of concrete against the formwork wall during pouring otherwise, concrete separation would occur that may create honeycomb at the bottom of the concrete element.

The next layer of concrete should be thinner than previous ones, and vibration should extend into the previous layers. Sugar can retard the concrete setting time by up to four hours.

Sometimes, set retarder materials might be used to the concrete surface to delay its setting and create a good bond with the next batch of concrete.

If the supply of concrete interrupts during concrete pouring, try to avoid the formation of cold joints in the wall or column.

Extend vibrator into the previous layer by 10-15cm. Lift the vibrator after the complete compaction of each concrete layer.

Vibrate each layer to compact it properly.

Discharge concrete into the formworks directly without the use of chutes, trunks, or hoppers, if possible, to decrease segregation possibilities.

Prevent separation because of free falling of concrete over reinforcement or other embedded objects.

The concrete free fall should be continuous.

Free fall of concrete from the trunk end should be done from 0.9 to 1.5m (occasionally restricted to 0.6m) otherwise, segregation would occur.

For walls deeper than 1.2m, pour concrete through vertical trunks or chutes positioned at an interval of 2.4m.

The period between successive concrete layers should not be longer than half an hour for normal concreting conditions and 20 minutes in case of hot weather conditions.

Place concrete walls with a maximum 60cm layer in one pass to avoid segregation.

Pour concrete in layers with a thickness ranging from 30cm to 50cm if the height of the RC column is large.

Then, the concrete should be placed at or close to its final position.

Concrete should be poured from the top of the forms if the height of the wall or column form is not considerably long.

In order to avoid problems related to improper concreting practices, the following steps should be taken as a guide to pouring concrete in columns and walls.

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